Boiler



June 13, 1950 c, z ALEXANDER 2,511,683

BOILER Filed Jan. 23. 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 v INVENTOR. (Qr/ZA/gx gzzdr ATTORNEY June 13, 1950 c. z. ALEXANDER BOILER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 23, 1947 zzvmvron. ZAflsggzzder ATTORNEY ag Ma.

ll, it!!! viii/ ill!!! 55, 151/ I Patented June 13, 1950 UNIT ED STATES PATENT F F! 2,511,683 I BOILER Carl Z. Alexander, Hopatcong, N. J. Application January as, 194:7, sexier No. 723,694

2 Claims. I

This invention relates to improvements in boilers, and more particularly pertains to a boiler of novel construction adapted to operate at a high degree of efliciency.

The invention is more particularly described hereinafter and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein,

Fig. 1 isa perspective View of a boiler embodyi-ng my invention,

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary and elevational view thereof, taken on line 2-2 ofFig..1,

Fig. 3 is a vertical, longitudinal, sectional, elevational View thereof, taken on line 33 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 4 is a vertical, transverse, sectional View thereof taken on line 44 of Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is a horizontal, sectional view thereof, taken on line 5-5 of. Fig. 4', and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary; vertical, elevational view, taken on line 6-6 of, Fig. 3',

As shown in the drawings, the boiler embodying my invention comprises a casing of generally inverted U-shaped cross-section having a top portion II (preferably arcuate) and parallel spaced side plates I2 and I3 and end plates I4, I5 integral therewith or secured thereto, defining a generally rectangular, closed casing (see horizontal cross-sectional View, Fig. 5). A plurality of hollow tubes I 5', I T and I8 are. fixed to the end plates I4 and I5, said closed tubes defining thermal generator heads. Baflle plates. Ill and 20 are fixed to the side plates I2 and I3 and are provided. with medially, angularly directed portions, as at We, 28a directed toward the respective opposite side plates. Saidl medially directed portions [9a, 21011 are aligned intermediate adjacent tubes I6, I? and I8, and are of V'-shaped' horizontal cross-section, to direct the, products of combustion. in their upward passage uniformly around the tubes [6, IT andv I8, for more uniform bathing of the tubes in said gases and heating of the tubes throughout their length than. would occur if the gases flowed freely upwardly to the flue. The bafile plates are medially of V-shaped cross-section (see Fig. 5') to direct the gases more closely to the longitudinal centers of said tubes I'G, H, Iilexternally. Without this construction, the gases passing from combustion chamber 21 to flue pipe 23 would probably tendto pass upwardly close to the side plates I 4, I5, concentratingtheir heating action along the ends only of said tubes.

heating of the tubes t5, I'I=, I8 throughout their The bailies It, 2! shown and described herein are designed to deflect the length to attain higher efficiency in operation.

Thus, the tubes are externally heated, in a novel and efli'ective manner. The lower end of the casing defines a hollow combustion chamber 2'I below the tubes I6, I1, I& to which an energy source 22- is connected. Such energy source may be, for example, an oil burner unit, as show in the drawings, or may be any other source of energy suitable for the purpose.

The casingis provided with a flue pipe 23 at the upper end thereof to carry off the products of combustion after the same have passed upwardly within the casing and around the tubes I6, I 1 and I8, said tubes being medially disposed in said casing in vertically aligned relation inter mediate and spacedfrom the side plates I2 and I3, which, with the bafile plates I9, define a sinuous passageway I'II around said tubes I6, I"I, I8 for the products of combustion, which are thus obliged to completely bathe the tubes I 6, I1 and I8 before passing through: the flue 23.

A cold water teed pipe 2'4 connection is attached to one of. the tubes IE, I! or I8. The uppermost tube has connected thereto asteam outlet pipe 25"whi'ch may bev connected in the conventional manner with the work to. utilize the steam generated by the boiler when the boiler is used for steam generation purposes (or the hot water developed therein, when it is used for hot water heating. systems). Fee-d back nipples 21' and; 26 pass through registering. apertures in adjacent portions of tubes IE, IT and I8 and connect such adjacent tubes. -Geyser pipes 28' and 29 pass through said nipples, the free ends 28a, 29a of said geyser pipes projecting into the tubes IT and I8 and beingpreferably curved or angularly directed to. terminate at the circumferences ofthe nipples- The lower ends of said geyser pipes "are connected toapertured cup bases 30 and 3I' through which water may pass from the. tubes Hi and II,v tocarry the same up wardly into the next adjacent tube. The geyser pipes are provided with guide rings 32 and 33: which are disposed. in the nipples 2:1 and 26. The base or cup end 30 of the geyser pipe 28 rests in a. water chamber 34 dependent from the lowermost tube Hi. and opening thereinto.

In operation, the source of energy 22 heatsthetubes I16, I 1 and I8, the hot water from each of the two: lower tubes II6 and I1 being carried to the tubes thereabo've through the geyser pipes 28 and 2'9. It will be noted that the chamber 3:4 provides the lower tube IIi with a very high col;- umn of water; which is desirable. to obtain av maximum geyser action through the geyser pipe- 28 positioned in the lowermost tube l6, which has the highest column of water. The cup base 3| of geyser pipe 29, as shown in Fig. 6, is preferably of generally arcuate cross-section, of a reverse outline to that of the arc of the tube H on which said base 3| is positioned, the ends of said cup 3| being partly closed as at 45 to define openings 46 through which water passes from said tube upwardly through the geyser pipe 29 and into the uppermost tube H3. The cup 3| may be tack welded as at 41 alongits lower edges to the bottom of tube H. The construction of ill the geyser pipe base 3| as shown in Fig. 6 pro- 1 vides for the continuous flow of water undernected to the lowermost tube l6, and with a flue pipe control unit or switch 39 which is connected to the flue pipe 23 and tothe oil burner unit 22 and is electrically operated in the conventional manner, when an oil burner is-the source of energy.

A hot water coil 42 may bepositioned within one of the tubes IS. A blow-down valve 40 is connected as at 4| to the lower end of the tube l8 to facilitate cleaning the same.

The end plate 1-5 is provided with an aperture;

43 in registry with the lowermost tube l5, said aperture being normally closed by the head plate 44 bolted to said end plate l5 as at Ma. By-this arrangement, it is possible to readily clean the lowermost tube l6 from time to time, if desired. The boiler casing may be provided with external insulation 48 which may be of spun glass or other insulating medium.

Fig." 3 shows the use of the boiler as a steam. generating boiler, in which case the tubes I6; [1 and I8 are only partly filled with water. The invention is adapted for use in hot water systems, in which case the entire boiler would be filled with water; the arrangement of the geyser pipes 28 and 29 and other parts would be the same as:

that shown in Fig. 3. The geyser pipes would then serve to produce rapid internal circulation and increase the efficiency of the boiler.

It will be noted that each of the thermal generator heads (l6, I1 and I8) is a separate generator and maintains its own water liner-"The arrangement of the baffle plates |'-9', 20' in addi-' tion to providing for uniform distribution of. the

heat inits passage from the combustion chamber 2| to the flue 23, serves to keep the boiler casing. clean, preventing the accumulation and deposit of soot.

I have found that a steam boiler having three tubes l6. l1 and I8, as shown and described here-' in, is highly efficient and will develop steam pres-' sure in a very short time interval, but the num-' ber of tubes may be increased or decreased without departing from the'spirit and scope of the invention. The term plurality as used herein shall accordingly be deemed to mean two or more. While the tubes'lB, l1 and I8 have been shown as of circular cross-section they may be made of a non-circular, cross-section, if so desired.

If the water in the tubes l1 and While I have shown in the drawings and described in the above specification, a convenient form of structure embodying my invention, it will be apparent from such disclosure that the invention is capable of many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, as set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A boiler comprising a casing, the casing comprising spaced parallel end and side plates, means securing said plates along corresponding edges, a top portion disposed over the corresponding top edges of said .plates, a hollow combustion chamber in the base of the housing, a heat source for the combustion chamber; the boiler further comprising at least three hollow tubes disposed in the end plates above the combustion chamber in spaced vertically aligned relation and intermediate the side plates, the bottom and intermediate tubes being provided with registering apertures at one end and the intermediate and upper tubes being provided with registera ing apertures at the opposite end, a nippledisposed through the apertures and extending upwardly in each of the higher tubes. the bottom tube being further provided with a water chamber of substantial depth and arcuate base aligned with the registering apertures, a geyser tube disposed in the water'chamber in the bottom tube and. extending upwardly through the nipple to the top edge thereof in the intermediate tube, the base of the gyser tube being arcuate in the opposite direction to the arcuate base of the water chamber, a second geyser tube disposed in theinterinediate tube below the registering apertures in the intermediate and upper tubes and extending upwardly through thenip- .plc to the top edge thereof in the upper 'tube,

means introducing water into said tubes and means removing steam therefrom; the boiler further comprising baflle plates of V-shaped horizontal cross section, means attaching the base of the plates to the spaced parallel side plates intermediate the adjacent hollow tubes with the ridge of the .baffle plates directed toward the respective opposite side plates and adapted to direct the products of combustion in their upward passage uniformly around the hollow tubes, {and means removing the products of combusion.

2. A boiler comprising a casing, the casing comprising spaced parallel end and side plates, means securing said plates alon correspond- -ing edges, a top portion disposed over the corresponding top edges of said plates, a hollow combustionchamber in the base of the housing, a heat source for the combustion chamber; the boiler further comprising a plurality of hollow tubes disposed in the end plates above the combustion chamber in spaced vertically aligned relation and intermediate the side plates, adjacent tubes being provided with registering apertures at alternate ends, a, nipple disposed through the apertures, said nipple extending upwardly in each of the higher tubes and adapted to maintain the water level, the lowermost tube being further provided with a water chamber of substantial depth and arcuate base aligned with the registering apertures, a geyser tube disposed in the water chamber in the :bottom tube and extending upwardly through the nipple substantially to the top edge thereof in the next higher tube. an apertured cup base for the geyser tube,

the base being arcuate in the opposite direction to the arcuate base of the water chamber, another geyser tube disposed below the registering apertures in adjacent tubes and extending upwardly through the nipple substantially to the top edge thereof in the next higher tube, an apertured cup base for the geyser tube, a blowdown valve for at least one of the hollow tubes and adapted to facilitate cleaning; an aperture in one of the parallel end plates of the casing in registry with one end of the lowermost hollow tube, said tube being open at that end, a head plate for the aperture and open end of the hollow tube and means releasably securing the head plate over the open end of the hollow tube and adapted to close the aperture in the end plate and the open end of the hollow tube; the boiler further comprising a hot water coll disposed in one of the hollow tubes, means circulating water in and out of said coil, means introducing water into the hollow tubes, means removing steam therefrom baflle plates of V-shaped horizontal cross section, means attaching the base of the plates to the spaced parallel side plates intermediate the adjacent hollow tubes with the ridge of the baffle plates directed toward the respective opposite side plates and adapted to provide uniform distribution of the heat about the hollow tubes, and means removing the products of combustion.

CARL z. ALEXANDER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

